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DIETS MODIFIED IN CALORIES: ENERGY NEEDS
Energy needs vary with lifestyle and activity. Energy is measured in calories and an individual\'s energy intake can be influenced by a variety of factors:
1. Age
2. Sex
3. Body weight
4. Work, sports and leisure activities
5. Individual metabolic rate (the energy used for essential body functions)
6. Environment temperature.
As one grows older, one becomes less active so one needs less energy, however reduction in energy should not be at the expense of essential nutrients.
Energy yielding foods: The foods that provide energy to the body are mainly carbohydrates and fats, e.g.
(a) Cereals like wheat, rice, maize, bread, biscuits, etc.
(b) Starch, arrowroot, vegetables like potato, sweet potato and yam.
(c) Fats and oils - Butter, cooking oil.
(d) Sugar, jaggery, honey.
Fruits and vegetables also provide complex carbohydrates for energy as well as vitamins, minerals and fibre. Simple carbohydrates like sugar, soft drinks and sweets give us energy but few other nutrients. Ideally a diet should have a combination of complex and simple carbohydrates to ensure an adequate intake of energy as well as essential nutrients. Fats are more concentrated source of energy and therefore it is important to watch for the total amount of fat in the diet. Proteins also provide energy but are more important for maintaining muscle strength and repair of body tissues.
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GENERAL HEALTH
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